Aeonium Webb & Berthelot

Phyt.gr.Canar. 1. 184. 1840.

Type: Sempervivum arboreum. Linné (Lectotype. Ausgewählt von Liu). 1989.

Synonyme nicht komplett.
Greenovia Webb & Berthelot 1840.
Aldasorea Hort ex Haage & Schmidt. 1930.

Die Bearbeitung führte zu unterschiedlichen Resultaten (Praeger, A. Berger, Kunkel, D. Bramwell & Z. Bramwell, Liu, Nyffeler, Lodé, Bañares-Baudet, Muer et al).

Revision of the genus led to different results and opinions (Praeger, A. Berger, Kunkel, D. Bramwell & Z. Bramwell, Liu, Nyffeler, Lodé, Bañares-Baudet, Muer et al).

Mehrjährige Sträucher, einzeln bis polsterbildend, stammbildend, verzweigt oder unverzweigt, Rosetten formend, Blätter variabel, fleischig, bewimpert, Blüte variabel, gelb rosa, weiß, blassgrün , gestreift braun, rot.

Perennial shrubs, solitary to cushion-forming, brachiate to branchless, rosettes forming, leaves variable, succulent, ciliated, flowers variable, yellow-pink, white, pale green, brown striped, red.

Vorkommen:
Kanarische Inseln, endemisch, Madeira, endemisch, Marokko, endemisch, Kap Verdische Inseln, endemisch, Afrika, endemisch.

Aeonium wird weltweit in tropischen, subtropischen und frostfreien Klimaten kultiviert und in den entsprechenden Ländern oft eingebürgert. Zwischenformen mit entsprechenden Namen sind zahlreich publiziert.

Aeoniums are in cultivation in tropical, subtropical and frost-free regions troughout the world, often adventive and naturalized in these areas. Numerous hybrids and intermediate forms are published.

Sektion Aeonium

Grosse, verzweigte Halbsträucher.

Large, branched semi-shrubs.

Aeonium arboreum
Aeonium arboreum ssp. holochrysum
Aeonium balsamiferum
Aeonium leucoblepharum
Aeonium gorgoneum
Aeonium stuessyi
Aeonium korneliuslemsii
Aeonium rubrolineatum
Aeonium simsii
Aeonium undulatum

Sektion Canariensia (Christ) Praeger

Einzeln, kleine bis grosse Rosetten formend.

Solitary, small till large rosettes forming.

Aeonium canariense ssp. canariense
Aeonium canariense ssp. christii
Aeonium canariense ssp. latifolium
Aeonium canariense ssp. virgeneum
Aeonium cuneatum
Aeonium glandulosum
Aeonium glutinosum
Aeonium tabuliforme

Sektion Chrysocrome Weber ex Christ

Kleine, dicht verzweigte Kleinsträucher.

Small, densely branched low bushes.

Aeonium smithii
Aeonium spathulatum

Sektion Goochiae (Christ) Praeger

Dicht verzweigte Zwergsträucher.

Densely branched dwarf bushes.

Aeonium goochiae
Aeonium lindleyi
Aeonium lindleyi ssp. viscatum

Sektion Greenovia (Webb & Berthelot) Mes

Einzeln bis ausläuferbildende Sträucher.

Solitary till offshoot-forming shrubs.

Aeonium aizoon
Aeonium aureum
Aeonium diplocyclum
Aeonium dodrantale

Sektion Leuconium A. Berger

Dichte, bis mittelgroße Sträucher.

Dense, medium-sized shrubs.

Aeonium appendiculatum
Aeonium castello-paivae
Aeonium ciliatum
Aeonium davidbramwellii
Aeonium decorum
Aeonium escobarii
Aeonium gomerense
Aeonium haworthii
Aeonium hierrense
Aeonium lancerottense
Aeonium mascaense
Aeonium nobile
Aeonium percarneum
Aeonium urbicum
Aeonium valverdense

Sektion Petrothamnium (Weber ex Christ) Liu

Verzweigte merjährige Zwergsträucher.

Branched, perennial dwarf bushes.

Aeonium saundersii
Aeonium sedifolium

Alphabetische Auflistung der Arten:

Aeonium aizoon
Aeonium appendiculatum
Aeonium arboreum
Aeonium arboreum ssp. holochrysum
Aeonium aureum
Aeonium balsamiferum
Aeonium canariense ssp. canariense
Aeonium canariense ssp. christii
Aeonium canariense ssp. latifolium
Aeonium canariense ssp. virgeneum
Aeonium castello-paivae
Aeonium ciliatum
Aeonium cuneatum
Aeonium davidbramwellii
Aeonium decorum
Aeonium diplocyclum
Aeonium dodrantale
Aeonium escobarii
Aeonium glandulosum
Aeonium glutinosum
Aeonium gomerense
Aeonium goochiae
Aeonium gorgoneum
Aeonium haworthii
Aeonium hierrense
Aeonium korneliuslemsii
Aeonium lancerottense
Aeonium leucoblepharum
Aeonium lindleyi
Aeonium lindleyi ssp. viscatum
Aeonium mascaense
Aeonium nobile
Aeonium percarneum
Aeonium rubrolineatum
Aeonium saundersii
Aeonium sedifolium
Aeonium simsii
Aeonium smithii
Aeonium spathulatum
Aeonium stuessyi
Aeonium tabuliforme
Aeonium undulatum
Aeonium urbicum
Aeonium valverdense

Schlüssel der Arten der Gattung Aeonium Liu 1989

1	Stem surfaces reticulate; leaf margfin reddish; corolla whitish or without green and/or pinkstreaks, rarely ornage-pink
2	Stem surface reticulations rising above the general stem surface
3	Corolla entirely white or greenish white; stems laxi branching with few (usually less than 10) branches
4	Calyx and anthers pubescent; stems surface reticulations which distinct tubercles; Tenerife	*A. ciliatum*
4	Calyx and anthers glabrous; stems surface reticulations with indistinct horizontal ribs and cracks; Gomera	*A. gomerense*
3	Corolla pinkish or orange-pinkish; stems densely branching with many (usualla more than 30) branches
5	Stem surface reticulations distantt from leaf cicatrices and/or leaf bases; with distinct horizontal ribs and cracks; leavers shiny: Gomera	*A. decorum*
5	Stems surface reticulation adjacent to leaf cicatrices and/or leaf bases (see Fig.4), with very indistinct tubercles; leaves strongly glaucous or deep green; Tenerife	*A. haworthii*
2	Stem surface reticulations flush with the general stem surface.
6	Leaves distinctly puberulent on both surfaces
7	Leaves obomate, more than 4 cm wide or less, usulally brownish, with submarginal unicellular trichomes usullay yellow; Hierro	*A. valverdense*
7	Leaves spathulate, 4 cm wide or less, usually purplish or deep green, with marginal unicellular trichomes whitish; La Palma	*A. davidbramwellii*
6	Leaves glabrate.
8	Corolla entirely white or greenish white; Gomera
9	Callyx and corolla pubescent; stems densely branching with many (usually more than 30) branches, puberulent with multicellular trichomes withish	*A. castello-paivae*
9	Callyx and corolla glabrous; stems laxly branching with few (usually less than 10) branches, glabrous
8	Corolla pinkish or orange-pinkish
10	Leaves weakly denticulate, with wrinkly unicellular trichomes; stems shinny-slivery; Lanzarote	*A lancerotternse*
10	Leaves entire; with (or rarely without) straight or curved unicellular trichomes; stems dully-grayish
11	Corolla orange-pinkish; stems densely branching with many (usually more than 30) branches: Tenerife	*A haworthii*
11	Corolla pinkish; stems unbranched or with less than 10 branches
12	Stems branched; leaves prublish, pink or green with purple or brown tinge; Gran Canaria	*A. percarneum*
12	Stems monocauluos leaves green or rarely with a few brownish lines
13	Calyx and corolla pubescent; leaves 5-9 cm wide, often with apex arcuate Hierro, La Palma	*A. hierrense*
13	Calyx and corolla glabrous, leaves 3-6 cm wide, often with apex applanate, Gomera, Tenerife	*A. urbicum*
1	Stem surfaces smooth and without reticulation; leaf margin brownish, green or yellow-green; corolla yelloe, pale yellow, reddish (pinkish in A. goochiae)
14	Plants subacaulescent; stems usually hidden by the marcescent leaves
15	Leaves glabrrate om both surfaces
16	Leaf rosette planar; leaves closely imbricate; Tenerife	*A. tabuliforme*
16	Leaf rosette cup-shaped; leaves loosey arranged
17	Inflorescence lateral; leaves with many distinct dark-green to reddish tannic stripe on bith sides; Gran Canaria	*A. simsii*
17	Inflorescence terminal: leaves without any dark-green or reddish stripes
18	Leaves strongly glaucous, smooth, with dense marginal unicellular trichomes; corolla entirel yellow. Tenerife	*A. cuneatum*
18	. Leaves not glaucous, usually sticky, with or without scattered unicellular trichomes; corolla plae yellow with reddish variegation
19	Stems branched; leaves obovate-spathulate; corolla with reddish marginal lines only; Madeira	*A. glutinosum*
19	Stems monocaulous; leaves obovate to semicircula; corolla with numerous reddish stripes: La Palma	*A. nobile*
20	Leaves puberulous; Madeira	*A. glandulosum*
20	Leaves velvety
21	Corolla whitish; nectaryferous glands depressed obovate; leaf rosette cup-shaped: leaves not sticky, with 5-15 hairs per 0,1 mm,² with hairs commonly 0,7-1 mm long; Tenerife	*A. canariense var. canariense*
21	Corolla pale to light greenish-yellow
22	Nectariferous, glans usuually mushroom-shaped; leaf rosette cup-shaped; leaves sticky, with 30-60 hairs per 0,1 mm², with hairs mostly 0,3-0,6 mm long; Hierro, La Palma	*A. canariense var. palmense*
22	Nectariferous glands widelyobovate; leaves smooth and not sticky
23	Leaf rosettes planar; leaves with 5-15 hairs per 0,1 mm², with hairs commonly 0,3-1 mm long; Gomera	*A. canariense var. subplanum*
23	Leaf rosettes cup-shaped; leaves with 10-20 hairs per mm², with hairs mostly 0,6-0,9 mm long: Gran Canaria	*A. canariense var. virgeneum*
14	Plants with distinct, visible stems below the leaf rosettes
24	Leaf rosettes center flattened, with young leaves tightly appressed to the older ones
25	Calyx pubescent
26	Leaves obovate-spathulate, puberulent; Marocco. 12. A. korneliuslemsii	*A. korneliuslemsii*
26	Leaves more or less lanceolate, glabous. Gran Canaria
25	Calyx glabrous	*A. arboreum var. arboreum*
27	Leaves grayish; plants with strong balsamiferousodor; Fuerteventura, Lanzarote	*A. balsamiforum*
27	Leavers green with or without brownish stripes, plants with any odor or with a very weak balsamiferous odor
28	Corolla yellow to pale yellow with reddish variegation; inflorescence usually hemerispherical; Gomera	*A. arboreum var. rubrolineatum*
28	Corolla entirely yellow; inflorescence usually ovoid-conical
29	Stems ciumped with branches basitconic; Gran Canaria	*A. undulatum*
29	Stems with spreading acrotonic branches; Gomera, Hierro, La Palma, Tenerife	*A. arboreum var. holochrysum*
24	Leaf rosette center ascending, not flattened. With young leaves arising suberectily, at an angle to the older ones
30	Leaves with many distinct abaxial long/tudinal, dark-green, reddish, or purpilish tannic stripes scattered on the abaxial surface
31	Stems thick and succulent. Hirsute below the leaf rosettes; leaves more than 3 cm long, undulate; Tenerife	*A. smithii*
31	Stems twiggy, minutely puberulent below the leafes rosettes, leaves less than 3 cm long, more or less planar; Gran Canaria, Gomera, Hierro, La Palma, Tenerife	*A. spathulatum*
30	leaves without distinct longitudinal tannic stripe scattered on the abaxial surface
32	Leaf margin with distinct unicellular trichomes
33	Stems unbranched; leaves obovate to semicircular; corolla with numerous dark reddish stripes; La Palma	*A. nobile*
33	Stems branched; leaves obovate-spathulate to spathulate; corolla yellow and often with few reddish lines
34	Leaves trongly glaucous; Cape Verde Islands	*A. gorgeneum*
34	Leaves green, occasionally slightly glaucous
35	Leaves sticky with mucillage at the center of the leaf rosette; inflorescence lax; stems dark brown to chocolate; Madeira	*A.glutinosum*
35	Leaves without mucilage at the center of the leaf rosette; inflorescenc dense, stems gray to grayish brown
36	Leaves puberulent
37	Leaves ovate-spathulate. c. 2 mm thick; Maroco	*A. korneliuslemsii*
37	Leaves spathulate, more than 3 cm thick; eastern Africa	*A. stuessyi*
36	Leaves glabrate
38	Leaves 1-3 mm thick; plants with strong balsamiferous odor, Fuerteventure, Lanzarote	*A. balsamiferum*
38	Leaves more than 3 mm thick; plants without any odor; eastern Africa, Yemen	*A. leucoblepharum*
32	Leaf margin with multicellular trichomes or entire
39	Leaves with hairs visible to the naked eyes
40	Leaves elliptic to circular; corolla pinkish; La Palma	*A. goochia*
40	Leaves obovate to oblanceolate-spathulate; cporolla yellow
41	Leves more than 4 mm thick, entirely green; nectariferous glands present; Tenerife	**A. lindleyi var. lindleyi**
41	Leaves less than 2 mm thick, with reddish spots on the abaxial surface, nectariferous glands absent; Gomera	*A. saundersii*
39	Leaves with hairs so small that the appear glabrous to naked eyes
42	Leaves 6 cm long oor more
43	Stems branche; leaves obovate -spathualte, corolla with reddish marginale lines only; Madeira	*A. glutinosum*
43	Stems monocauluos; leaves obovate to semicircular; corolla with numerous reddish stripes; La Palma	*A. nobile*
42	Leaves less than 6 cm long
44	Leaves green with brownish to pale reddish color variegation; nectariferous glands absent; La Palma, Tenerife	*A. sedifolium*
44	Leaves entirely green without any color variegation; nectariferous glands absent; Gomera	*A. lindleyi var. viscatum*

Schlüssel der Arten der Gattung Aeonium Muer et al. 2016

Schlüssel der Arten der Gattung Aeonium Angel Bañares Baudet 2015

Literatur

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Kunkel, G. & Kunkel, M. A. (1974): Flora de Gran Canaria. Vol. 2. Cabildo Insula de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas.
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Praeger, R. L. (1932): An account of the Sempervivum group. London. Roy. Hort. Soc. pp. 265.
Voggenreiter, V. (1974): Geobotanische Untersuchungen an der natürlichen Vegetation der Kanaren.